GCSE Biology, Unit 8, Lesson 5 of 7
Brainlag Plus

Ratios and probability

GCSE Biology, Required practicals and maths skills, 20 minutes

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Surface area to volume ratios, Punnett-square probabilities, expected numbers, doubling bacteria, BMI and correlation.

Ratios and chances

  • Surface area to volume: a 2 cm cube has 24 cm² and 8 cm³, ratio 24 ÷ 8 = 3. Smaller objects have bigger ratios.
  • A Punnett square has four equally likely boxes: Aa × Aa gives aa in 1 of 4, so 25%.
  • From a ratio 3 : 1 and 400 offspring, expect 300 : 100.
  • Bacteria double every division: after n divisions there are 2ⁿ times as many.

A correlation in data does not prove that one thing causes the other.

The rest of this lesson and its 9 practice questions are in Plus.

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  • 9 exam-style questions, marked as you go, each with a worked solution
  • Anything you get wrong is saved to your flashcards