Working out a scale

Worked example: D major

1. Write the letters first, from D up to D.
2. E to F is a semitone, but 2 to 3 needs a tone. So F becomes F sharp.
3. B to C is a semitone, but 6 to 7 needs a tone, so C becomes C sharp.
4. Check the semitones: 3 to 4 and 7 to 8. Both are right.

Going up and coming down

A scale can be written going up or coming down. The notes are the same, in reverse order. Coming down, the semitones are 8 to 7 and 4 to 3.

Scales in the exam

In the exam, scales are written in semibreves, one octave. Each sharp or flat goes just in front of its note.

Remember

• Letters first, then fix each step to the pattern.
• Coming down: the same notes in reverse order.
• Exam scales: semibreves, one octave.