Grade 6 Music Theory, Unit 8, Lesson 1 of 3
Brainlag Music

Related keys and pivot chords

Music theory, Modulation and melody writing, 15 minutes

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The keys a Grade 6 melody may move to, and how a chord that belongs to both keys makes the move smooth.

Three related keys

From C major: the tonic chords of its dominant (G major), subdominant (F major) and relative (A minor) keys are all chords of C major too

Question 3 may ask your melody to move to the dominant, the subdominant or the relative key.

Learn the related keys by heart

  • Dominant: the key a 5th up: one more sharp, or one flat fewer.
  • Subdominant: the key a 5th down: one sharp fewer, or one more flat.
  • Relative: the same key signature, the other mode (C major and A minor).
More on this

They are "related" because they share all but one note with the home key (the relative shares every note of the key signature). That is why the move sounds natural: most of the notes stay the same, and one new note tells the ear where the music has gone.

You try What is the relative minor of D major?

Show the answer

B minor. It has the same key signature, two sharps.

The rest of this lesson and its 5 practice questions are in Brainlag Music Theory.

Screen 1 of 3, free to read.

  • 5 exam-style questions, marked as you go, each with a worked solution
  • Anything you get wrong is saved to your flashcards